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The Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP)
The Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP)
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Understanding the CDP framework

CDP is a nonprofit organization that runs one of the largest environmental disclosure system. The organization provides standardized questionnaires for companies to disclose consistent, comparable environmental data. CDP scores these disclosures annually, evaluating companies based on both transparency and performance.

The long-term goal for many is to make it onto the coveted “A-List.” However, out of 21,000 companies scored in 2023, just under 400 companies achieved an A rating.

In 2024, CDP scores companies across four main areas:

  • Climate change

  • Forests

  • Water security

  • Sector-specific modules (e.g. transportation, manufacturing)

CDP added biodiversity and plastics to the questionnaire, signaling these areas may be scored in the future.

CDP reporting standards and trends

CDP regularly updates its framework as environmental priorities evolve to reflect new regulations and stakeholder expectations. Anticipating these shifts early is crucial to stay competitive.

In 2023 and 2024, CDP introduced updates that streamline reporting and emphasize higher data quality. Notable changes include:

  • Consolidated questionnaire: All topics, including nature-related and climate issues, are now assessed in a single, holistic questionnaire.

  • SME questionnaire: A specialized version for small and medium enterprises replaced the corporate minimum version.

  • Financial impact disclosure: Companies must report how environmental issues affect their financial performance, aligning with global frameworks like CSRD.

  • Higher verification standards: In 2023 and 2024, CDP raised the verification requirement for Scope 1 and 2 emissions to 100%, up from 70% in 2022.

  • Scope 3 emphasis: CDP is placing a higher emphasis on Scope 3 accounting, in line with other frameworks like CSRD. By 2024, companies targeting the A-list will need to verify at least one Scope 3 category with third-party oversight.

These shifts aim to reduce the reporting burden for companies while also encouraging deeper engagement with environmental impacts throughout supply chains.

Looking ahead to 2025 and beyond

‍CDP’s 5-year strategy hints at more significant changes in the near future, which sustainability leaders should prepare for. These include:

  • Broader environmental topics: Biodiversity and plastics questions are already included, and CDP may expand to cover topics like oceans, land, and food systems.

  • Global standards alignment: CDP continues to align with international standards like CSRD, GRI, and the IFRS to streamline global reporting.

  • Transition scoring on the horizon: Climate transition plans may become part of the scoring framework, adding an additional layer of accountability to companies’ long-term goals.

  • Social and governance metrics: While CDP remains focused on environmental issues, it acknowledges the intersection of equity and environmental challenges. Expect more integration of relevant social metrics.

The three phases of the CDP reporting process

Phase 1: Getting started

If you’re new to CDP reporting, your first step should be a thorough review of the questionnaire and sector-specific requirements. Make use of essential resources like the 2024 PDF Questionnaire (Modules 1-6, 7, and 8-13), and the Scoring methodology to familiarize yourself with CDP’s expectations.

For returning reporters, a good starting point is to analyze your most recent submission and score when it’s available. Identify gaps and areas for improvement for 2025.

Setting clear internal deadlines, milestones, and team responsibilities early on will be crucial for efficient data collection and reporting. It’s also important to consider how CDP reporting will align with other reporting initiatives, such as CSRD and CBAM, to reduce overlap and increase efficiency.

Phase 2: Data collection and reporting

Once you’ve mapped out your strategy and plan, the next focus is data collection. This involves tracking key environmental metrics, ranging from carbon accounting to water, forests, biodiversity, and plastics. Documenting processes around reporting, data collection, and quality assurance will help you guarantee accuracy and higher data quality. This phase will involve multiple stakeholders, such as the sustainability, finance, IT, HR and operation departments.

Cozero can support with comprehensive data collection, supplier engagement, Scope 3 emissions tracking, and more to make it easier to manage granular sustainability data.

Phase 3: Continuous improvement

CDP’s scoring framework is designed to foster continual improvement, encouraging companies to enhance their environmental management practices year over year.

First-time reporters should focus on disclosing all available information, even if some data points or initiatives aren’t fully developed. Over time, you can use your CDP score to identify gaps, develop solutions, and align with internal and external stakeholders on key areas for improvement.

As an example, companies that start with basic Scope 1 and 2 emissions reporting should eventually progress to higher levels of detail and verification, expanding into Scope 3 emissions and refining data quality through supplier-specific information.

Generation of CDP reports in Cozero

In Cozero, you can track and report your GHG emissions according to specific data ranges and business units or certain guidelines and regulatory requirements.

Currently, the CSRD E1-4 Report and the CDP Report are integrated into Cozero in “Computed Reports”. The feature simplifies the disclosure process and empowers our customers to align with international sustainability standards effortlessly.

How to use Computed Reports

  • Report Name: The title that identifies your report

  • Base Year: Set a reference year for the selected Business Unit to compare data and track progress over time.

  • Reporting Year: The year for which the organization is compiling and disclosing emissions data, which is compared to the base year to evaluate progress in emissions reduction.

  • Business Unit: The organizational unit for which you want to report and track emissions.

Click “Generate Report”. The progress information next to the report name provides details on the current status. While the report is being computed, the field shows “Processing” and switches to “Available”, once the report has been generated.

  • Download Report: you can save the report as an Excel file to easily share with your relevant stakeholders, facilitating efficient analysis and decision-making.

In the coming months, extensions and additional reports will be available in this section, expanding our coverage of various regulatory frameworks and standards. With this feature, we aim to help you in navigating the evolving landscape of sustainability reporting.


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